General Standards – International Valuation Standards 104 – Defined Basis of Value
Market Value (IVS 30.1)
Market value is the estimated amount for which an asset or liability should exchange on the valuation date between a willing buyer and a willing seller in an arm’s length transaction, after proper marketing and where the parties had each acted knowledgeably, prudently and without compulsion.
Equitable Value (IVS 50.1)
Equitable Value is the estimated price for the transfer of an asset or liability between identified knowledgeable and willing parties that reflects the respective interests of those parties.
Investment Value/Worth (IVS 60.1)
Investment Value is the value of an asset to a particular owner or prospective owner for individual investment or operational objectives.
Synergistic Value (IVS 70.1)
Synergistic Value is the result of a combination of two or more assets or interests where the combined value is more than the sum of the separate values. If the synergies are only available to one specific buyer then Synergistic Value will differ from Market Value, as the Synergistic Value will reflect particular attributes of an asset that are only of value to a specific purchaser. The added value above the aggregate of the respective interests is often referred to as “marriage value.”
Liquidation Value (IVS 80.1)
Liquidation Value is the amount that would be realised when an asset or group of assets are sold on a piecemeal basis. Liquidation Value should take into account the costs of getting the assets into saleable condition as well as those of the disposal activity. Liquidation Value can be determined under two different premises of value:
(a) an orderly transaction with a typical marketing period (see section 160),
(b) a forced transaction with a shortened marketing period